Production of charcoal and chemicals from cocoa waste by pyrolysis process with analysis Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM)

Abstract

Cocoa and derivative products (Cocoa powder, cocoa liquor and chocolates) consist of polyphenols and different potential levels of antioxidants. Polyphenols in cocoa beans contribute 12-18% dry weight. Naturally, the greater content of polyphenols provides benefits to human health. The potential of cocoa peel waste is abundant and not yet widely utilized, even though it has considerable potential as compost charcoal and alternative animal feed ingredients. The results of processing cocoa produce cocoa waste. with the use of pyrolysis technology is able to overcome the accumulation of plantation waste. The results of this combustion produce liquid smoke of cacao waste into distillates, charcoal. In this study the pyrolysis temperature was 112-512 ° C. The decomposition process of the analysis of raw materials for cacao fruit skin in Soppeng district revealed that lignin content was 46.82%, α cellulose was 26.73%, and the hemicellulose content was 4.86%. Analysis GC MS cacao fruit skin in Soppeng district 3.02 Butane (CAS) n-Butane, 10.72 Acetic acid (CAS) Ethylic acid, 2.42 2-Propanone, 1-hydroxy- (CAS) Acetol , 3.80 Acetic acid (CAS) Ethylic acid 1.25 Acetic acid, pentyl ester (CAS) n-Amyl acetate , 2.21 Acetamide (CAS) Ethanamide , 9.42 2(3H)-Furanone, dihydro- (CAS) Butyrolactone , 2.20 Butanoic acid, 2-propenyl ester (CAS) ALLYL N-BUTANOATE , 6.46 Phenol (CAS) Izal, 3.50 2-Cyclopenten-1-one, 2-hydroxy-3-methyl- (CAS) Corylon , 8.26 Phenol, 4-methoxy- (CAS) Hqmme , 4.47 Pentanal (CAS) n-Pentanal, 1.11 4H-Pyran-4-one, 3-hydroxy-2-methyl- (CAS) Maltol, 0.74 Butanoyl chloride (CAS) Butyryl chloride, SEM analysis for the morphological structure of Soppeng Regency cocoa pod charcoal with a magnification of 500x, 1000x, 3000x and 5000 x., Showed a small porous structure. EDX analysis of cocoa pod charcoal produced element C of 92.47%, MgO: 0 , 36%, K2O: 0.38%, CaO: 1.14%, and ZrO2: 1.58%. Analysis of TEM of 500 nm Cocoa charcoal with an intensity of 44.55%, while 200 nm has an intensity of 42.50% and 50 nm of 41.87%. The monitoring of cacao fruit skin charcoal with pyrolysis technology can reduce the potential for environmental pollution and increase the economic value marketed with cocoa charcoal products.