Transfer of the function of the surau as an islamic educational institution in Minangkabau (1907-1930)

Abstract

This research was motivated by the transition of the function of a surau in Minangkabau to an Islamic education institution based on Madrasah. As the Surau Baru Canduang changed its function to become a Madrasah by Syaikh Sulaiman Arrasuli in Canduang as a result. The focus of this research is Surau Baru Canduang. The purpose of this study was to determine the history of Surau Baru Canduang, the causes of the transition and development of Surau Baru Canduang after the change of function. This research method is library research, data collection is done by literature study. Data analysis is done by analyzing the contents of the book, Historiography. The results of the research found first, Surau Baru Canduang was founded in 1907 by Syaikh Sulaiman Arrasuli together with community leaders in Pakan Kamih Nagari Canduang. aims to develop the knowledge that has been obtained by Syaikh Sulaiman Arrasuli while studying in Makkah Al-Mukarromah with the specifications of fiqh science written by Imam Syafi'I with the understanding of Ahlussunnah Waljama'ah, and developing the teachings of the Naqsabandiyah-Khalidiyah tariqat. The Surau Baru Canduang education system uses the Halaqoh method. Second, the shift in the function of Surau Baru Canduang to Madrasah Tarbiyah Islamiyah was caused by the ever-evolving era, the pressure from the old ulama, criticism from colleagues who studied hard at Makkah Al-Mukarromah, and ethical political policies with the development of education by the Dutch government. . The third development of the new Surau Canduang After the transition of function to Madrasah Tarbiyah Islamiyah underwent a curriculum renewal with an education system that turned into a classical one, with grade levels, and a regular study schedule.