Education of the oppressed in minangkabau (1902-1942)

Abstract

This journal is entitled "Education of the Oppressed in Minangkabau (1902-1942)". This research is motivated by the policy issued by the Dutch Colonial Government regarding Ethical politics. In this ethical policy the most attention is the issue of education for the natives. Education that was previously only given to the nobility. With this Ethical policy, the community was given the opportunity to get an education from a Dutch school. The aim of this research is to find out the history of the education of the oppressed in Minangkabau during the Dutch colonial rule (1902-1942). For this research, the method used is library research using a philosophical approach and a historical approach. ). Sources of data used are primary and secondary sources. The steps of this research: (1) Heuristics, namely collecting sources, both primary sources and secondary sources. (2) Criticizing the sources of the existing data with internal and external criticism. (3) Interpretation which is an analysis of the data and interpreting it. (4) Historiography is the writing of historical stories in the form of scientific works. The data analysis technique used in this research is descriptive analysis technique and content analysis. The results of this study are, First, the Dutch colonial period in Minangkabau has changed life in society, people do not get good treatment from the Dutch government. Small people often get oppression from Dutch government policies. Indigenous people did not get the opportunity to study in Dutch schools, because education was only given to the children of the nobility. The Dutch gave the local authorities an opportunity in matters of government, but remained under Dutch rule. Then in 1908 forced cultivation in Minangkabau was abolished. This is because many people suffer from heavy workloads and high taxes. The rights to land ownership and other rights were also confiscated and harassed by the Dutch. Second, the education system implemented by the Dutch was to provide education for Dutch children and indigenous people. Dutch education in Minangkabau developed rapidly. The schools established by the Dutch government are, first grade schools, second grade schools, Village schools (Volksschool), Europese Lagere School (ELS), Hollands Chinese School (HCS), Hollands Inlandse School (HIS), etc.