A Gamification Approach to Teaching and Learning for Pupils with Special Needs in Primary Schools

Ranjanie Karunamoorthy; Mohd Mokhtar Tahar

doi:10.32698/GCS-04303

A Gamification Approach to Teaching and Learning for Pupils with Special Needs in Primary Schools

Ranjanie Karunamoorthy^(1*), Mohd Mokhtar Tahar⁽²⁾

(1) Faculty of Education, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Selangor
(2) Faculty of Education, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Selangor
(*) Corresponding Author

Abstract

This concept paper discusses the gamification approach used by special education teachers in teaching and learning for students with special needs in primary schools. Gamification is a game-based learning consisting of rewards, points and achievement badges that help teachers create a fun learning environment. The main focus of this concept paper is to break down barriers faced by special education teachers in applying gamification approaches. Time factors and burden of work, training, perceptions and attitudes of teachers and facilities as well as support are obstacles identified in the application of gamification approaches to students with special needs. In addition, this concept paper also discusses the effects of using a gamification approach in teaching and learning for students with special needs. Suggestions were also made to increase the use of gamification approaches so that students with special need benefit from teacher teaching.

Keywords

gamification, teaching and learning, students with special needs

References

Abdullah, A. H., Mokhtar, M., Kiong, J. C. C., Ali, M., Ibrahim, N. H., & Surif, J. (2016, May). Factors preventing Malaysian teachers from using Information and Communication Technology (ICT) in teaching mathematics. In 2016 4th International Conference on Information and Communication Technology (ICoICT) (pp. 1-6). IEEE.
Ahmad Anuar, & Jinggan, N. (2015). Pengaruh kompetensi kemahiran guru dalam pengajaran terhadap pencapaian akademik pelajar dalam mata pelajaran Sejarah. JuKu: Jurnal Kurikulum & Pengajaran Asia Pasifik, 3(2), 1-11.
Albrecht, S. F., Johns, B. H., Mounsteven, J., & Olorunda, O. (2009). Working conditions as risk or resiliency factors for teachers of students with emotional and behavioral disabilities. Psychology in the Schools, 46(10), 1006-1022.
Amran, H. A., Majid, R. A., & Ali, M. M. (2019). Cabaran Guru Pendidikan Khas Pada Abad Ke-21. International Journal of Education, Psychology and Counseling, 4(26), 113-122.
Aswaniza, S., & Rosadah, A. M. (2018). Efikasi Kendiri Guru Sekolah Dalam Hospital Di Malaysia. Journal of Social Sciences and Humanities, 13(3), 20–28.
Jones, A. (2004). A review of the research literature on barriers to the uptake of ICT by teachers.
Bettini, E., Jones, N., Brownell, M., Conroy, M., Park, Y., Leite, W., & Benedict, A. (2017). Workload Manageability Among Novice Special And General Educators: Relationships With Emotional Exhaustion And Career Intentions. Remedial and Special Education, 38(4), 246-256.
Bingimlas, K. A. (2009). Barriers to the successful integration of ICT in teaching and learning environments: A review of the literature. Eurasia journal of mathematics, science & technology education, 5(3).
Bourazeri, A., Bellamy-Wood, T., & Arnab, S. (2017, April). EnCity: A serious game for empowering young people with Down's syndrome. In 2017 IEEE 5th International Conference on Serious Games and Applications for Health (SeGAH) (pp. 1-6). IEEE.
Butt, G. dan Lance, A. (2005). Secondary Teacher Workload and Job Satisfaction. Educational Management Administration and Leadership. 33(4):401-422
Chao, C. N. G., Sze, W., Chow, E., Forlin, C., & Ho, F. C. (2017). Improving teachers’ self-efficacy in applying teaching and learning strategies and classroom management to students with special education needs in Hong Kong. Teaching and Teacher Education, 66, 360-369.
Deterding, S., Sicart, M., Dk, M., Nacke, L., O’hara, K. & Dixon, D. (t.th.). Gamification: Using Game Design Elements in Non-Gaming Contexts General Terms. http://gamification-research.org/wp-content/uploads/2011/04/01-Deterding-Sicart-Nacke-OHara-Dixon.pdf [30 December 2018].
Dickinson, K., & Place, M. (2016). The Impact Of A Computer-Based Activity Program On The Social Functioning Of Children With Autistic Spectrum Disorder. Games for health journal, 5(3), 209-215.
Flores, J. F. F. (2015). Using gamification to enhance second language learning. Digital Education Review, (27), 32-54.
Gee, J.P. (2003) What Video Games have to Teach Us about Learning and Literacy. New York: Palgrave/Macmillan.
Gee, K., & Gonsier-Gerdin, J. (2018). The First Year as Teachers Assigned to Elementary and Middle-School Special Education Classrooms. Research and Practice for Persons with Severe Disabilities, 43(2), 94–110
Ghafar, M. N., & Jahaya, S. (2006, September). Bias Pengajaran Guru Dalam Pelajaran Khas Dan Pelajaran Normal. In Teachers’ Bias in Special Education and Mainstream Setting. A paper presented at the Annual Conference on Teacher Education (pp. 6-8).
Giang F. (2013). Gamification and Learning: A Review Of Issues And Research. Journal of e Learning and Knowledge Society. 1(1): 212-215.
Gilbert, S. (2016). Designing Gamified Systems: Meaningful play in interactive entertainment, marketing and education. Burlington: Focal Press
Gooch, D., Vasalou, A., Benton, L., & Khaled, R. (2016, May). Using gamification to motivate students with dyslexia. In Proceedings of the 2016 CHI Conference on human factors in computing systems (pp. 969-980). ACM.
Hanus, M. D. and Fox, J., (2015). Assessing The Effects Of Gamification In The Classroom: A Longitudinal Study On Intrinsic Motivation, Social Comparison, Satisfaction, Effort, And Academic Performance. Computers & Education, 80, pp. 152-161.
Hashim, S., & Khadijah, S. (2001). Minat, sikap dan kesediaan guru terhadap penggunaan komputer dalam pengajaran dan pembelajaran (Doctoral dissertation, Kolej Universiti Teknologi Tun Hussein Onn).
Hasliza Hashim, Siti Munira Mohd Nasri, & Zarina Mustafa. (2016). Cabaran yang dihadapi oleh guru dalam pelaksanaan persekitaran pembelajaran maya frog di bilik darjah. Asia Pacific Journal of Educators and Education, 31, 115–129.
Henderson, J. (2008). Professional learning communities: School leaders’ perspectives. Education update, 50(8), 2-7.
Heward, W. L. (2003). Ten faulty notions about teaching and learning that hinder the effectiveness of special education. The journal of special education, 36(4), 186-205.
Jamieson-Proctor, R. M., Burnett, P. C., Finger, G., & Watson, G. (2006). ICT integration and teachers' confidence in using ICT for teaching and learning in Queensland state schools. Australasian Journal of Educational Technology, 22(4).
Joyce, B. R. (1978). A problem of categories: Classifying approaches to teaching. Journal of education, 160(3), 67-95.
Kang, Y. S., & Chang, Y. J. (2019). Using Game Technology To Teach Six Elementary School Children With Autism To Take A Shower Independently. Developmental neurorehabilitation, 22(5), 329-337.
Kapp, K. M., Blair, L., & Mesch, R. (2014). The gamification of learning and instruction fieldbook: Ideas into practise. San Francisco: Wiley
Kapp, K.M. (t.th.). Choose Your Level: Using Games and Gamification to Create Personalized Instruction from the Center on Innovations in Learning website. www.centeril.org [3 January 2019].
Kennedy-Clark, S., & Thompson, K. (2011). What do students learn when collaboratively using a computer game in the study of historical disease epidemics, and why?. Games and Culture, 6(6), 513-537.
Kiili, K., Ketamo, H., & Kickmeier-Rust, M. D. (2014). Evaluating the usefulness of Eye Tracking in Game-based Learning. International Journal of Serious Games, 1(2).
McGrath, N., & Bayerlein, L. (2013). Engaging online students through the gamification of learning materials: The present and the future. In ASCILITE-Australian Society for Computers in Learning in Tertiary Education Annual Conference (pp. 573-577). Australasian Society for Computers in Learning in Tertiary Education.
Normah Jantan. (2016). Penerapan Budaya Kreatif dan Inovatif Di Kalangan Pelajar Politeknik Merlimau Melalui PERKAYA INOVASI. Melaka: Politeknik Merlimau.
Pede, J. (2017). The Effects Of The Online Game Kahoot On Science Vocabulary Acquisition.
Plump, C. M., & LaRosa, J. (2017). Using Kahoot! In The Classroom To Create Engagement And Active Learning: A Game-Based Technology Solution For eLearning Novices. Management Teaching Review, 2(2), 151-158.
Prather-Jones, B. (2011). How school administrators influence the retention of teachers of students with emotional and behavioral disorders. The Clearing House: A Journal of Educational Strategies, Issues and Ideas, 84(1), 1-8.
Rosnah Ishak, R., & Muhammad Faizal (2013). Amalan Pembelajaran Kolektif dalam Kalangan Guru Sekolah Berprestasi Tinggi di Malaysia. ATIKAN, 3(1)
Ruppar, A. L., Neeper, L. S., & Dalsen, J. (2016). Special education teachers’ perceptions of preparedness to teach students with severe disabilities. Research and Practice for Persons with Severe Disabilities, 41(4), 273-286.
Sánchez-Mena, A., & Martí-Parreño, J. (2016, June). Gamification in higher education: teachers’ drivers and barriers. In Proceedings of the International Conference the Future of Education (pp. 180-184).
Schell, J. 2019. The Art of Game Design: A book of lenses. AK Peters/CRC Press.
Sekar, K. (2017). Hubungan sikap afektif, kognitif dan tingkahlaku terhadap penguasaan dan penggunaan TMK dalam kalangan murid orang asli (Doctoral dissertation, Universiti Pendidikan Sultan Idris).
Sheila Devaraj & Samsilah Roslan. (2006). Apa itu Disleksia. Kuala Lumpur. PTS Profesional Publishing Sdn. Bhd.
Simões, J., Redondo, R. D., & Vilas, A. F. (2013). A social gamification framework for a K-6 learning platform. Computers in Human Behavior, 29(2), 345-353.
Siti Muhibah, H. N., & Zetty N., R. (2018). Peranan dan cabaran guru-guru pendidikan khas membentuk kemenjadian murid-murid masalah pendengaran dalam abad ke 21. Journal of Quran Sunnah Education and Special Needs, 1(1), 1–8
Smeets, E. (2005). Does ICT contribute to powerful learning environments in primary education? Computers and Education 44(3): 343–355
Syed Ismail Syed Mustapa dan Ahmad Subki Miskon. (2010). Guru Dan Cabaran Semasa. Selangor: Penerbitan Multimedia. Syed Najmuddin Syed Hassan.
Tan, W.H. (t.th.). Gamifikasi dalam pendidikan pembelajaran berasaskan permainan. http://penerbit.upsi.edu.my/gamifikasi-dalam-pendidikan.html [3 January 2019].
Tomlinson, C. A., Brighton, C., Hertberg, H., Callahan, C. M., Moon, T. R., Brimijoin, K., & Reynolds, T. (2003). Differentiating instruction in response to student readiness, interest, and learning profile in academically diverse classrooms: A review of literature. Journal for the Education of the Gifted, 27(2-3), 119-145.

Proceeding:

International Conference on Special Education In South East Asia Region 10th Series 2020

Publisher:

Redwhite Press

ISSN (Print):

2685-5984

ISSN (Electronic):

2685-5933

Published:

March 2020